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List • (vol 1 & The New Adventures of Superboy) Clark Kent/Kal-El (vol 2) Based on TV series (vol 3, 4 and 5) Kon-El/Conner Kent Superboy is the name of several fictional superheroes appearing in American comic books published. These characters have been featured in five comic book series, along with other series, such as and various series featuring teenage superhero groups. Superboy has also appeared in various animated and live-action television series. There have been three major incarnations of the character: the; a teenaged clone named; and the son of and,.

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The first Superboy was simply, acting as a superhero in, where Kal-El (Superboy's name) lives under his,. The character was featured in several series from the 1940s until the 1980s, appearing in and two eponymous series, and. He developed a and supporting cast of his own, including foster parents, love interest, and time traveling allies the.

When DC Comics rewrote much of its continuity in 1986, Superman's history was changed so that he never took a costumed identity until adulthood, erasing Superboy from the history of Superman, although many aspects of the backstory created in Superboy comics, such as Clark's friendship with Lana Lang, remained. In the last several years, some additional features of Superboy's history, such as his tenure in the Legion, have also been reintroduced into the story of Superman's youth. The character was adapted into a (1988–1992), which also spawned another, short-lived; and a teenage Clark Kent, secretly using his powers in heroic acts, appeared in the highly successful TV series (2001–2011), drawing to a great extent on the comic book continuity in its depiction of young Clark's life. In 1993, DC introduced a modernized Superboy, a teenage, ostensibly of Superman but also including human DNA. Eventually, Superboy also becomes known by a Kryptonian name, Kon-El, and as, his secret identity as Clark's cousin. Superboy was featured in from 1994 until 2002, and in several series devoted to teenage superhero groups. Conner made his television debut on Smallville in the episode 'Scion'.

He is also featured in the animated series. Conner was featured in DC's relaunch of in 2009, and got again in November 2010, which ran until August 2011. A revised version of Kon-El, complete with a new origin, debuted in a as part of DC's launch in September 2011. Like the pre-New 52 version, he becomes of a member of the. In 2013, he was revealed to be a clone of, a villainous son of Superman and Lois Lane from a possible future. Jon took over Superboy in 2014, and was both villain and hero in the months before the series' cancellation late the same year. In 2016, a new Superboy,, was introduced by DC Comics.

This Superboy is the son of and in the present. He appears with his parents regularly in the ongoing issues of and, and since February 2017, co-stars with in.

Due to DC Comics’ complex, several other Superboys have appeared over time, with the most notable being the mentally unstable, a parallel world-version of Kal-El. First appearance of Superboy. Art by from More Fun Comics #101 (January–February 1945).

The original pitch for a 'Superboy' character was made by (without ) in November 1938. The idea was turned down by, and the publisher again rejected a second, more detailed pitch by Siegel two years later. Siegel's conception of Superboy was that of a comical prankster, and editor felt this would have cheapened Superman's image and presented a bad role model for younger readers. After the appeal of kid superheroes had been demonstrated by the success of and similar characters, Detective Comics reversed itself in late 1944 and started publishing a Superboy feature, in an effort to expand the Superman franchise by presenting a version of the character to whom younger readers could easily relate. Superboy first appeared in No.

101 (1944, with a 1945 cover date). Though Joe Shuster supplied the art, the Superboy feature was published without the input or approval of Jerry Siegel, who was serving in World War II. This fact increased an already-growing rift between the publisher and Siegel and Shuster. Superboy in Adventure Comics [ ] In early 1946, Superboy moved to, where he debuted in issue No.

103 (Apr 1946) as the lead feature for the comic, and he remained the headlining feature for over 200 issues. Stories in Adventure Comics treat Superboy as essentially a junior version of Superman. To that end, he wears the Superman costume and his alter ego Clark Kent wears glasses as a disguise for his civilian identity. Superboy is the superhero of Clark's hometown of and grows up under the guidance of his foster parents,.

Superboy's adventures in include the story of how he was reunited with his pet superdog,; the story of how his friend, the teenage scientist, becomes his most bitter foe; and how Superboy joins the 30th-century. The popular Legion from Superboy into its own feature, which debuted in Adventure Comics No. 300 (Sep 1962). The feature soon dominated the comic and forced out original Superboy features, with the last new Superboy story appearing in No. 315 (Dec 1963).

Superboy continued to appear in the comic in reprinted stories and as a member of the Legion until the Legion's final issue, Adventure Comics No. 380 (May 1969). Superboy (volume 1) (1949–1977) [ ] Four years after his debut, Superboy became only the sixth DC superhero to receive his own comic book when Superboy No. 1 (Mar–Apr 1949) was published. The series became the first new DC superhero title to succeed since World War II. Superboy saw the debuts of the first Superbaby story, (about Clark's adventures as a super-powered toddler), and of Clark's two closest friends:, who also serves as a for Superboy; and, who later discovers and helps protect Clark's secret identity. Other notable stories to appear in Superboy include the story of the first and the first appearances of members and.

After the Legion pushed new Superboy stories out of Adventure Comics in 1963, Superboy became the only comic book to feature original Superboy stories. Less than two years after the Legion itself left Adventure Comics, Superboy became the Legion's new home.

Starting with Superboy No. 172 (Mar 1971), the Legion appeared as an occasional backup feature. Once again, the Legion feature proved so popular that by Superboy No. 197 (Sep 1973), the Legion had become the lead feature, and with the next issue, the title's only feature. Although from issue No. 197, the cover logo read 'Superboy starring the Legion of Super-Heroes' ('and' replaced 'starring' with #222), the official title (shown in the indicia) of the comic remained Superboy until No. 231 (Sep 1977), when the comic became Superboy and the Legion of Super-Heroes.

259 (Jan 1980), Superboy left the Legion and his name was dropped from the title altogether, which now became simply The Legion of Super-Heroes. Though Superboy still periodically appeared in the series that once bore his name, the series remained a Legion title until its final issue, No. 354, in 1987. The New Adventures of Superboy (1980–1984) [ ] After the Legion took over Superboy, the Superboy feature was nearly moribund until the late 1970s, when it appeared in two short runs, first in Adventure Comics (again) and then in. Then, in the same month Superboy left the Legion in Legion of Super-Heroes No. 259 (Jan 1980), a new series entitled The New Adventures of Superboy debuted, with the first issue depicting Clark Kent celebrating his sixteenth birthday. Published monthly, this title lasted for 54 issues until 1984.

Between issues No. 28 (Apr 1982) and No. 49 (Jan 1984), the series also featured ' as a backup.

Several months after the last issue of The New Adventures of Superboy, a four-issue miniseries was published called Superman: The Secret Years (1985), which tells the story of how Superboy becomes Superman during his junior year of college. Continuity changes [ ] Shortly after the miniseries was published, Superboy's career was discarded from Superman's after the 1985–1986 and writer 's 1986 revamp of Superman's origin,. Twenty years later, following the limited series, some elements of Superboy's history were restored to the story of Superman's youth (see the subsection). Post-Crisis appearances of Superboy (Kal-El) [ ] The Legion's Superboy [ ].

Superboy from the Pocket Universe. Following John Byrne's revamp of Superman, a new version of Superboy was introduced as a means of patching the ' continuity, which was undermined by the removal of Kal-El's Superboy career.

This Superboy is said to have been created by the, one of the Legion's greatest enemies, when he notices that the great youthful hero they take inspiration from does not start his career until he is an adult. Wishing to preserve this history due to his own history's connection to the Legion's past, the Trapper takes a sliver of time from the ancient universe and uses it to craft a 'pocket universe' in which Earth and Krypton are the only inhabited planets. Whenever the Legionnaires travel back in time, they travel to the 20th century of the Pocket Universe, not the main DC Universe. From birth until the, Superboy's life is similar to the life of the original Superboy. When the universe-destroying strikes, Superboy lacks the power to save his Earth, but the Time Trapper can do so, provided Kal-El helps him capture the Legion.

Superboy reluctantly agrees. After a battle with the post- Crisis - during which Superman is drastically overpowered by Superboy's pre-Crisis strength while managing to keep Superboy on his toes due to his superior experiences, Superboy realizes he can't turn on his friends and instead helps the Legionnaires defeat the Trapper.

Using a device the Trapper employed to stave off Earth's destruction, Superboy saves his Earth, but only at the cost of his own life. His dying act is to return the Legion to their century (and Earth), where he is later buried.

Later editorial mandates that removed Superboy from the history of the Legion led to a story where the Time Trapper is apparently erased from history, wiping the Pocket Universe and that universe's Superboy from existence. However, by that time Pocket Universe itself was required for such things as the entire Superman in Exile storyline (which introduced the Eradicator) as well as the Matrix Supergirl. In fact, it was later revealed that very same year that both the Time Trapper and his Pocket Universe survived Mon-El's attack and that he had been trying to use Glorith as a way to return to power only to be literally consumed by her resulting in her stepping into his role. In the Time and Time Again saga (1991) it is shown that both Superman and the Legion still remember the Pocket Universe Superboy so the editorial mandate was basically being ignored within a year. This version of Superboy was later seen again during the events of. He was time-displaced in the 30th century where he saw various incarnations of before being displaced again in present-day Smallville where he encountered a still young and inexperienced modern day clone Superboy(). Thinking he was somehow in his own future he was confused to see another Superboy and fought him until coming to realize that something bigger was going on.

After talking it out with the modern Superboy the Pocket Universe Superboy vanished back to his proper time and reality. This Superboy was later retconned to have been the Earth-One Superboy. This Superboy was always the Earth - One Superboy, as shown in Legion of Superheroes #38. The retcon was actually the fact that the Time Trapper created a Universe that he could manipulate the Legion with having them time travel to a 20th-century of his design.

On that universe, it was shown that the Time Trapper, with the help of Superboy, was holding back the effects of the Crisis. This retcon allowed for all passed Legion stories to exist and keep in line with the connection Superboy had for so many years before Crisis. Superboy (volume 2) (1989–1991) [ ]. Main article: From 1989 to 1991, DC Comics published a comic series based on the TV series (1988–1992) about a college-age Superboy. Originally entitled Superboy (volume 2) (as shown in the indicia), the cover logo read Superboy: The Comic Book from #1–10.

From issue No. 11, the series changed its cover title (as the TV show had done) to The Adventures of Superboy (although the comic book was not officially renamed under that title until issue #18). As well as displaying a short white box next to the title (logo) which read 'As Seen on TV'. After 22 regular issues, the series concluded in a one-shot special published in 1992 that wrapped up adventures and stories from previous issues and depicted them as having been the daydreams of the young post- Crisis Clark Kent. Zero Hour and Hypertime [ ] During the 1994 storyline known as, Kon-El, the, encounters a version of the, who resurfaces due to temporal disruptions involving.

Motorola H720 Bluetooth Headset Instructions. This Superboy soon seemingly vanishes, returning to his own alternate timeline. During a through Hypertime, Kon-El accidentally discovers this Superboy while finding himself in that version's reality. During this visit, Kon-El discovers that this Superboy is a young Clark Kent, and by this means realizes the Superman of his reality must, therefore, be an adult Clark Kent. Sometime after returning to the main DC Universe, Kon-El reveals to Superman that he now knows his. Infinite Crisis [ ] In the aftermath of the events of, finds that Earth's history has changed once again and in particular, he notes that there are several reports of Superman's activities prior to his first appearance in Metropolis.

Later comics expanded upon Luthor's observation. A year after Infinite Crisis, a cinematic Superman retrospective states that young Kal-El gave rise to 'a rarely-glimpsed American myth—the mysterious Super-Boy.' Fourteen-year-old Clark Kent is depicted using his superpowers to save lives in secret, wearing no costume, only his everyday clothes, much like the of the TV series. Several concepts associated with the original Superboy and Smallville were reintroduced into post- Infinite Crisis continuity as part of Superman's earlier years.

Was revealed as a companion to Clark in his youth. Clark also joins the; Superman later recalls that 'the Legion used to visit between school days. We had adventures in the future between classes.' 's pre- adolescence in Smallville was also partially restored.

Post- Infinite Crisis, a short biography established that once again 'Lex Luthor spent much of his teenage years in Smallville', where he meets Lana Lang, Pete Ross, and Clark Kent, who befriends him. The six-issue miniseries (2009–2010) outlines Superman's origin as it stood post- Infinite Crisis, expanding on many of the items described above. In the first two issues, teenage Clark is depicted as donning his costume for the first time, working in secret (and in costume) as Superboy in and around Smallville, joining the Legion of Super-Heroes, and finding Krypto when the super dog lands on Earth. Superboy's further adventures with the Legion are featured in Adventure Comics #515–520. After DC Comics continuity was reset again following and the debut of the in 2011, Superman's history as Superboy was removed yet again (except possibly his history with the Legion of Super-Heroes). Superboy-Prime [ ]. Superboy-Prime's first appearance, in DC Comics Presents No.

Art by Eduardo Barreto. In 1985, during the event, another Superboy was created. This Superboy hails from the parallel Earth known as, where Superman and the other DC superheroes only exist as fictional comic book characters. Brought over from his dimension by to aid in the universe-spanning battle at the heart of the Crisis, Superboy helps the defeat the, the villain who spawned the Crisis. With their home dimensions destroyed, Superboy, Superman of Earth-Two, his wife, and of journey to a 'paradise dimension'.

Published two decades later in DC's 2006 miniseries, Superboy, Alex, Kal-L, and Lois are retroactively revealed to have been watching the DC Universe since they entered this 'paradise'. Unhappy with what they have been seeing, they decide to take action, and return to the post- Crisis DC Universe. Feeling that this world's heroes were inferior, he feels no qualms about committing wanton acts of destruction, kidnapping, and murder.

In the end, Superboy-Prime is pulled into the core of a red sun by both Superman of Earth-Two and Superman (Kal-El) of the main DC Universe. They crash land on, the that is a living planet. Under a red sun, their powers rapidly vanish.

On Mogo, Superboy-Prime beats the Earth-Two Superman to death before he is defeated by Kal-El. The put Superboy-Prime in a maximum-security prison on their home world of Oa and guard him round-the-clock. While incarcerated, he carves the 'S'-symbol into his chest and vows to escape. One year later, Superboy is released from his prison by the newly formed and joins them, becoming one of their heralds and wearing a Sinestro Corps uniform beneath his Anti-Monitor inspired armor. Now calling himself, he becomes involved in the war between the Sinestro Corps and the and later in the events of. In the miniseries, Prime leads an expanded into battle against and versions of the from three parallel Earths in the 31st century.

Superman: Secret Identity [ ] The Superboy-Prime character was the inspiration for 's miniseries, which begins as a story about a teenage boy, named Clark Kent after the comic book character, who exists in the 'real world' where there are no superheroes and discovers that he possesses powers similar to Superman's. In the first press reports about Clark's life-saving super-deeds, the press refers to Clark (whose identity is unknown) as 'Superboy'. Kon-El as Superboy in Teen Titans/Outsiders Secret Files and Origins #2 (Oct. Art by Darryl Banks and Sean Parsons.

In 1993, during 's story, a new Superboy was introduced. Unlike previous characters bearing the name, this Superboy is a created to replace the seemingly dead Superman, rather than simply being an adolescent Clark Kent. His initial abilities are based on a form of (known as 'tactile telekinesis') by which he could fly and simulate Superman's strength and invulnerability. Nicknamed 'the Kid', Superboy is distinguished from other 'Supermen' who appear after the by his youth and brash character. Though he prefers to be called Superman during the, after Superman returns from the dead the Kid accepts the name Superboy for himself and begins his own superhero career. He also learns that he is not a clone of Superman, but rather genetically engineered to be as Kryptonian as possible, although his genes originate from the human DNA of, director of the government sector known as that had created the Kid.

Superboy (volume 3) (1994–2002) [ ] Superboy then received his own series, the third series from DC Comics simply entitled Superboy. In Superboy No. 1 (Feb 1994), Superboy settles in Hawaii with his supporting cast, becoming Hawaii's resident superhero for the next four years, until Superboy No. 48 (Feb 1998). Starting in Superboy No. 56 (Nov 1998), Superboy returns 'home' when he begins working for Project Cadmus, the same project that created him. In Superboy No.

59 (Feb 1999), Superman gives him the name Kon-El and his secret identity is Josh Leslie Kent in effect making him part of the El family. After leaving Project Cadmus and living on his own for a brief time in Metropolis, in Superboy No. 100 (Jul 2002), the final issue of the series, at Superman's suggestion Kon-El goes to live with in, where he adopts a secret identity as their nephew (and Clark's cousin) Conner Kent. Teen Titans [ ] In the course of his career, Kon-El becomes involved with several teen superhero groups, notably the,, the, and the, and he was featured in comic series devoted to these groups.

Through his association with them in both Young Justice and the Teen Titans, Kon-El becomes the best friend of, the Boy Wonder, a close friend of, and becomes romantically involved with. Sometime before he joins the Teen Titans, Superboy learns that he had been actually created from the DNA of both Superman and a human. Though he had believed that human to be Paul Westfield, after he joins the Teen Titans he learns that the human is actually Superman's. Moreover, as the clone Superboy was developing, he was brainwashed so that Luthor could have a sleeper agent among the superhero community. When Luthor unleashes Kon-El, Superboy comes close to destroying the Teen Titans, but he manages to free himself from Luthor's control before any tragedy occurs.

Shortly thereafter, Kon-El sacrifices his life to save Earth in a battle with Superboy-Prime during the. After his death, statues are erected in his honor in and. Though he coerced Superboy into serving his own purposes, Luthor continues to claim that he views Kon-El as his son.

In a story published after Kon-El's death, the alternate future Titans known as the, including an older Conner who was cloned from the original, come back in time to the present day. Adventure Comics (volume 2) and Superboy (volume 4) [ ] During the ' storyline, resurrects Conner in the 31st century after arranging for him to spend 1000 years in the Kryptonian regeneration chamber that revived Superman after his battle with Doomsday and introducing into it a hair from Lex Luthor.

In the aftermath of Legion of 3 Worlds, Conner is back in the present, living with Martha Kent and Krypto in Smallville. Superboy starred in his own feature in the revival of, which began publication in August 2009 (see Superboy of Steel/ Adventure Comics #1–4,& 6–8). He then moved to his own comic again, with the new series starting up in late 2010 before being canceled in August 2011 at issue 11 and relaunched from issue 1 in September as part of DC Comics' relaunch of it main DC Universe properties. Superboy (volume 5) [ ] DC Comics relaunched Superboy with issue No. 1 in September 2011 as part of.

The series involved major changes to the character, which includes a new origin in which he is cloned from Superman, Lois Lane, and their son () from an alternate New 52 timeline, in which Jon is used by the time-traveling villain Harvest to cleanse Earth of super-powered humans. Though intended by Harvest to be a weapon against super-powered humans, Kon-El pursues a heroic career as a solo hero and a member of the Teen Titans.

After Kon-El (apparently) dies in the past, saving Krypton from premature destruction, from issue #26 the series follows Jon Lane Kent, posing as Kon-El in an alternate future visited by the Teen Titans, before he arrives in the present in #30. The series concluded in August 2014 with issue #34, in which Jon dies heroically to save friends he's made since #30, and to restore Kon-El (who had not actually died) as the sole Superboy. Main article: In 2016, Jonathan Samuel Kent became the new Superboy in DC Comics. Unlike previous Superboys and Jon Lane Kent, he is the son of pre- Flashpoint / and, who was reintroduced in DC continuity in the 2015 event. Jonathan was born in Convergence: Superman #2 (July 2015). After Convergence, he and his parents relocated to the New 52 universe, where the Kent family lived in secrecy for many years.

He was introduced as Superboy in Superman vol. He co-stars with in the comic book series as Superboy and Robin, which started in February 2017. Other versions [ ] Several other versions of Superboy originating from different parts of the have also appeared in DC Comics. • Alternate versions of Kal-El: • Karkan: In a 1972, infant Kal-El lands in Africa and, like, is found and raised.

As a teen, Karkan is found by an expedition to Africa and brought to Metropolis. When he finds that he can't adjust to 'civilized' life, Karkan returns to the jungle. Karkan also appears in the ' story arc (1999).

• Superboy of: In this tale, the infant Kal-El is stranded in the, and he remains there, in stasis, until found in 2987 by, a thousand years after Krypton's destruction. At the age of 14, 'Kal Brande', also known as Superboy, joins and in forming 'Superboy's Legion', later known as the. • In the series of stories by, Superman gets his start as Superboy during the 1920s. • Alternate versions of Kon-El: • Superboy of the Super Seven: This character (who resembles Kon-El) is one of the 'Super Seven', a group of heroes which include,,,,, and a / hybrid, who help humans fight off 'The Horde', an alien race that occupies Earth. •: a version of Kon-El who was grown to adulthood and lived on a world where Superman didn't return from the dead. He was the main villain in 'Hypertension' and the foe of the 'Legion of Superboys' (below). • Other versions: •: Superboy appears alongside Supergirl with the Legion of Super-Heroes in one panel.

It's unclear whether this version is Kon-El, simply young Kal-El (via time travel) or possibly his son through Lois Lane. • Legion of Superboys: Different versions of Superboy from throughout, including both Kon-El and Kal-El, team up in the unofficial 'Legion of Superboys' to fight in the ' story arc. Among these Superboys are a version of Kon-El that has taken Robin's place as Batman's partner, a Kon-El cowboy, a Kon-El knight, Karkan, Superboy One Million, and a teenage clone of Supergirl from the reality. • Superboy One Million: The one millionth clone of Kon-El, he lives in the 853rd century and is a member of Justice Legions S, which consists exclusively of Superboy clones, and T, a future version of.

Also known as Superboy OMAC, an acronym for 'One Millionth Actual Clone' of Kon-El, this Superboy resembles the original OMAC () in appearance. He was part of 1998's event and reappeared the following year in '.

• Quetzal: In a distant future on the colony world of Aztlan, Quetzal becomes the designated heir to Superman, who occupies a semi-divine position in this -like society. Realizing that 'Superman' is corrupt, Superboy leads a rebellion against him. • Superboy (presumably the original) is one of the 'ghosts' in the empty 'Planet Krypton' restaurant in #1. In addition, ' of the is based partly on Superboy. [ ] The Shi'ar Imperial Guard, as a whole, was created as an / of the.

[ ] All-Star Superman [ ] During an adventure in Smallville while he is still a youth, Clark Kent of is aided by the time-spanning Superman Squad featuring the present Superman in disguise as the Unknown Superman,, and the 5th-dimension Superman. While aiding the Squad, Clark misses a chance to save the life of Jonathan Kent. In writing about the version of Superman in his series, writer said, 'Ma & Pa Kent—one dead. We're going with the version where Pa Kent has died. That's the day Superboy becomes a man.'

Dialogue between several characters implies that young Clark is a costumed adventurer, but he is never referred to as 'Superboy'. Legal status [ ] The Superboy character has been the subject of a legal battle between Time Warner, the owner of, and the estates of Jerry Siegel and Joe Shuster. On November 30, 1938, Siegel pitched the idea for the character of Superboy to Detective Comics (the corporate forerunner to DC Comics), but the company declined the offer. Siegel pitched the idea again in December 1940, but again the company declined to use the material. Siegel enlisted in the U.S.

Army in July 1943. While he was stationed overseas, Detective Comics directed Joe Shuster to draw a Superboy comic strip for publication in More Fun Comics. No notice was given to Siegel, and no consent from him was granted. Siegel sued for copyright infringement, and won. A court-appointed special referee declared the character of Superboy unique, and not derivative from the character of Superman.

But appeals by both Siegel and National Comics Publication (the new name of Detective Comics) led to a in which the parties agreed that Superboy was the sole property of National Comics. In 1969, Siegel and Shuster sought to recover their copyright to Superman, as the original 28-year copyright for the character had expired.

National Periodical Publications, Inc., 364 F. 1032 (S.D.N.Y. 1973), aff'd, 508 F.2d 909 (2nd Cir. 1974), the held that the 1948 agreement assigned not only the original 28-year copyright term but also the 28-year copyright renewal term as well to National Periodical Publications (Detective Comics' successor). In 1976, Congress enacted a new. This law extended existing copyrights for 19 years, but it also gave creators of works the right to seek to recover their copyright when the extension was up.

The Siegel claims [ ] In 1997, Joanne Siegel (Siegel's surviving wife) and Laura Siegel Larson (Siegel's daughter) filed a notice exercising their rights to terminate DC Comics' copyright on the Superman character. The date of termination was 1999, but DC Comics provided Joanne Siegel with certain benefits that induced the parties to keep negotiating.

A tolling agreement was signed to allow negotiations to keep moving. The Siegels, Shusters, and DC Comics began drafting an agreement, and this agreement now referenced the Superboy character and some indicia as well. On October 19, 2001, Larson's attorney issued a letter in which he claimed that the heirs 'accepted D.C.

Comics offer of October 16, 2001 in respect of the 'Superman' and 'Spectre' properties.' Further negotiations broke down in 2002, and the Siegel heirs filed suit in the claiming their half of the Superboy copyright. On March 23, 2006, Judge Ronald S.W. Lew of the District Court for the Central District of California issued a ruling that Siegel's heirs had successfully reclaimed the copyright to the Superboy character and related indicia as of November 17, 2004. Judge Lew's decision left the parties in the unenviable situation of the Siegels owning the copyright to Superboy, but Time Warner owning the —leaving neither party fully able to take advantage of their respective properties alone. At a subsequent trial in October 2006, (now the parent company of DC Comics) defended itself against a copyright infringement suit by the Siegels by arguing that Judge Lew's summary judgment was incorrect. Time Warner, 496 F.

2d 1111 (C.D.Cal. 2007), Judge Stephen G. Larson vacated Judge Lew's summary judgment and ordered a new trial on the issues. Larson's ruling did not determine whether Superboy was such a unique character that the character enjoyed its own copyright protection. He said it was up to future litigation to determine whether the differences between Superman and Superboy were trivial and did not create a copyrightable character.

Attorney Jesse J. Kruger, however, noted that character reboots and retcons could create enough differences so that any future version of Superboy might avoid a claim by the Siegels. The legal dispute affected DC Comics' treatment of the various incarnations of Superboy.

In the back-up story (March 28, 2007) in the weekly limited series, an illustration of Superboy was changed into. In the storyline in the titles and in the limited series, the Superboy-Prime character was referred to as, a development that came about in part because of the legal dispute. On March 26, 2008, in Siegel v. Entertainment Inc., 542 F.

2d 1098, 1145 (C.D. 2008), Judge Larson ruled again that the Superboy character was not a work for hire. Larson also held that the 2001 settlement documents did not constitute a contract terminating the Siegel heirs' claim to the Superman and Superboy works. The Siegels regained the copyright to the Superman character, story, and indicia as they appeared in Action Comics #1 (but not prior to or after that). Judge Larson later expanded his ruling to allow the Siegel heirs to claim additional plots, Superman characters, costuming, and indicia.

This included the story of Superman's origin as a Kryptonian rocketed to Earth from a dying planet in a spaceship created by his father. DC Comics celebrated the decisions, as they restored certain retconned versions of the Superboy character to the company's use. On June 28, 2008, DC Comics Vice President and Executive Editor said in reference to the comic at the convention, 'We've got, writer), we've got, artist), we've got SuperBOY Prime (yes, we can say that again).' In January 2013, the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals returned all rights over the Superboy character and other indicia to DC Comics. The appellate court held in Larson v. Entertainment, No.

11-56034, D.C. 2:04-cv-08400-ODW-RZ (9 Cir. January 10, 2013), that the District Court for the Central District of California erred when it said in 2008 that DC and the Siegel heirs had not reached an agreement in 2001 resolving the dispute over the copyright. The court of appeals remanded the case back to the district court with an order to find that a contract existed. Copyright attorney Dallas Kratzer said that the Ninth Circuit's ruling 'rendered moot all of the other questions in this lawsuit.' Said the ruling likely precludes any further attempt by the Siegel heirs to terminate DC Comics' copyright ownership of the character, although an appeal to the U.S.

Supreme Court is not barred. The Ninth Circuit also ruled that DC Comics could move ahead with a lawsuit against Siegel attorney Marc Toberoff, whom DC accuses of interfering with the 2001 settlement. On remand, the District Court for the Central District of California found that the 2001 agreement had terminated the Siegel heirs' rights to Superboy. The Siegel heirs appealed, arguing that the 2001 agreement did not cover the Superboy copyrights because the rights (at that time) were not the Siegels' to grant. They also argued that the agreement alienated their copyrights contrary to law. Finally, the heirs argued that Joanne Siegel had rescinded the 2001 agreement in 2002, an action in which DC Comics had agreed.

The Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals rejected all these arguments. The Shuster claims [ ] Joe Shuster died in 1992. After his death, DC Comics and his sister, Jean Shuster Peavy, entered into an agreement in which the company paid Shuster's debts, made 'survivor payments' to Shuster's brother (Frank), and paid Jean $25,000 a year for the rest of her life.

Jean Shuster Peavy and Frank Shuster agreed to turn over all copyright interest in Shuster's Detective Comics characters to DC Comics. The agreement also barred the Shuster family from asserting these rights in the future. The agreement did not, however, specifically mention Superman or Superboy.

In 2003, the estate of Joe Shuster estate filed suit to recover Shuster's copyright interest in Superman, Superboy, and other characters. DC Comics counter-sued, arguing the 1992 agreement barred any such claim.

In 2012, the U.S. District Court for the Central District of California held in DC Comics v. Pacific Pictures Corp., No. CV 10-3633 ODW (RZx), 2012 WL 4936588 (C.D. 17, 2012), that the 1992 agreement's broad, all-inclusive language was more than adequate to cover the Superman and Superboy copyrights in which Shuster had an interest.

Thus, the estate was barred from seeking their termination under the Copyright Act. Whatever interest Shuster had in Superboy stayed with DC Comics. Supreme Court declined to hear the Shuster family's appeal in October 2014, leaving the district court's ruling intact.

In other media [ ] The Superboy character has made the transition to television on multiple occasions, both in live action and. • (1961): television series (though only a was produced). • (1966–1969): series of 34 six-minute Superboy adventures (his first animated appearances) that appeared as part of three different programs during that time, packaged with similar shorts featuring other DC Comics superheroes. He was voiced. •: Superboy makes two appearances in the show's run. The first one was in 'History of Doom' when the Hall of Justice computer runs a tape showing Lex Luthor's origin. He was voiced.

His next appearance was in the short episode 'Return of the Phantoms' where three criminals go back in time to fight Superboy. He is saved by the arrival of Superman and. He was voiced. • (1988–1992): television series about Superboy (Clark Kent) during his college years. The series starred (1988–1989) and (1989–1992), and as Lana Lang. The theme music and underscore were composed. 100 episodes were produced.

• The cloned appears in the video game as a playable character. • (2001–2011): television series starring; though not a 'Superboy' series by name, this series started with a teenage Clark Kent (a freshman in High School) and features many elements originally present in the Silver Age Superboy comics. Additionally, in a first-season episode, Clark accidentally transfers his powers to a classmate named Eric Summers, who, before running amok with his newfound powers, is called 'Superboy' by the local newspaper. And in a season 5 episode, sarcastically refers to Clark as 'Superboy'. In the final season, plays Lex Luthor's young clone, who turns out to have had half his DNA come from Clark; his hair changes from red to Clark's black hair color, and he gains Clark's Kryptonian super-powers. He eventually takes the name 'Conner Kent' and wears the same black T-shirt with the red Superman emblem worn by Kon-El in the comics. In the digital-first comics series, Conner becomes a member of the, a group of young super-heroes mentored by the original,.

• A 'young Superman' appears in the animated series. The original press releases stated Superboy would be featured. Due to the aforementioned legal issues, the 'Superboy' character was instead referred to on the series as 'Superman'. This version of the character comes from the time shortly before Clark leaves Smallville for Metropolis. The second season takes place about two years after the first and features both an older Clark and a Superman clone from the 41st century named (usually addressed as ), who has alien DNA and enhanced superpowers, as Legion members. • Kon-El appears in the television series. Conner Kent was a clone made by Cadmus in case Superman turned or was ever defeated; it was later learned that his DNA is half-human (with Lex Luthor as his human father).

At the beginning of the series, Conner seeks Superman's approval, viewing him as his father. Upon learning the identity of his human DNA donor, Luthor gives Conner a tool (named Shields) that unleashes his full Kryptonian powers but also causes him to go into a nearly blind rage. Superboy, Artemis and Miss Martian reveal to the team their connections to various villains, who had been using them to set up a trap; in Superboy's case, his connection to Lex Luthor. Revealing these secrets allowed the Team to foil the basis for the villains' blackmail, however the Team subsequently learned from Red Tornado that Vandal Savage had managed to take over the Justice League, using Starro tech. As the sidekicks fight their mentors and teachers, they subdue them long enough to put Robin's anti-virus tech in place, freeing the League from Savage's control.

Superboy and Superman finally speak, and Superboy tells Superman that he chose Conner Kent as his name, which Superman ( Clark Kent) approves of (even if Conner mistakenly believes that he's taken the name of Kent Nelson, the now-deceased Doctor Fate). The second season reveals that Superman has come to view him as a brother and he has broken up with his girlfriend, Miss Martian, as he disapproved of her reckless use of telepathy and her attempt to make him forget about a fight they had. Additionally, in the episode 'Secrets', homage is paid to Kon-El's original appearance in the comics, when wears a Halloween costume which is an exact replica of Superboy's costume. • Superboy, credited as 'Superbaby' is voiced by in the 2013,.

• Sometimes, the may run out during negotiations. Rather than have negotiations end and the parties return to court, the parties will sign a 'tolling agreement' in which they agree not to invoke the statute of limitations.

This preserves the rights of the aggrieved party, but also may serve as an inducement to keep bargaining. • Judge Larson determined that the 1947 agreement was conclusive as to matters of law, and the issues therein could not be relitigated (e.g., it met the requirements for ).

Larson concluded that the Superboy character was not a. However, because of the way in which the character first saw light in More Fun Comics, Larson was not able to determine whether 'publication' had occurred (as defined by the Copyright Act).

Publication was essential to asserting copyright, and Detective Comics could not publish a character to which they lacked the rights. Larson was also unable to determine if Superboy was a joint work by both Siegel and Shuster. • Judge Larson noted that although there was a 2001 letter from the Siegels saying they had agreed to terms offered by Time Warner, the subsequent confusion over what these terms were and the inclusion of what the Siegels claimed were new provisions not previously discussed by the parties meant that, in fact, no agreement had been reached under California law. • (a)(5) and (c)(5) says that 'Termination of the grant may be effected notwithstanding any agreement to the contrary, including an agreement to make a will or to make any future grant.'

) References [ ]. • Indicia changed to Superboy & the Legion of Super-Heroes with issue #231. • The indicia changed to Adventures of Superboy with #18. See pages 1–5 for early Superboy publication history. August 7, 2007, at the.

• Scivally, Bruce (2007). Superman on Film, Television, Radio and Broadway. • Millennium Edition More Fun Comics No.

101 (2000) and Millennium Edition Superboy No. 1 (2001), inside cover commentaries • Adventure Comics No. 210 (Mar 1955) • Adventure Comics No. 271 (Apr 1960) • Adventure Comics No.

247 (Apr 1958) • Superboy No. 8 (May–Jun 1950) • Superboy No. 10 (Sep–Oct 1950) • Superboy No. 86 (Jan 1961) • Superboy No. 90 (Jul 1961) • Superboy No. 68 (Oct 1958) • Superboy No.

89 (Jun 1961) • Superboy No. 98 (Jul 1968) •. Archived from on January 26, 2013. Retrieved September 15, 2010.

• Legion of Super-Heroes vol. 3 #37–38 (1987), Superman vol.

8 (1987) and Action Comics No. 591 (1987) • Cadigan, Glen: The Legion Companion, pages 194 (interview with Keith Giffen) and 201 (interview with Tom Bierbaum), TwoMorrows Publishing: Raleigh, North Carolina, 2003. • Legion of Super-Heroes vol. 4 (1990) • Legion of Super-Heroes (vol. 13 (November 1990) • The Adventures of Superboy Special' No.

1 (1992) • Superboy vol. 8 (1994) • Superboy vol. 61 (1999) • Sins of Youth: Superman Jr & Superboy Sr.'

(2000) • ^ No. 7 (2006) • Superman No. 650 (2006) • Action Comics Annual No. 10 (2007) • Action Comics No. 854 (2007) • Action Comics No. 858 (2007) • No. • Action Comics No.

850 (2007) •,, November 28, 2008 • No. 1 (November 2009) and No. 2 (December 2009) • DC Comics Presents No.

87 (1985) • No. 12 (1986) • Green Lantern: Sinestro Corps Special No. 1 (2007) • Tales of the Sinestro Corps: Superman-Prime No. Retrieved 2010-09-15.

1 (2004) • Adventures of Superman No. 500 (1993) • ^ Adventures of Superman No.

506 (1993) • Teen Titans (vol. 1 (2003) • Teen Titans (vol. 3) #24–25 (2005) • #6 • Teen Titans (vol. 50 (2007) • Final Crisis: Legion of 3 Worlds No. 4 (2009) • Adventure Comics vol. 2 #1 (Oct 2009) • April 20, 2012, at, Comics Alliance, June 10, 2011 • Superboy vol.

5 #19 (July 2013) • Superman vol. 3 #25 (January 2014) • Johnston, Rich (April 11, 2016).. Bleeding Cool.

Retrieved April 18, 2016. • Rogers, Vaneta (March 26, 2016).. Retrieved April 23, 2016. • Superboy vol. 188 (1972) • ^ Superboy vol. 3 #60–64 (1999) • Superboy's Legion #1–2 (2001) • Adventures of Superman Annual No. 6 (1994) and Superboy Annual No.

1 (1994) • Superboy Annual No. 3 (1996) • ^ All-Star Superman #6 • at • Siegel v. Time Warner, 496 F. 2d 1111, 1114-1115 (C.D.Cal.

• ^, p. 245-246. Time Warner, 496 F. 2d 1111, 1115-1118 (C.D.Cal. Time Warner, 496 F. 2d 1111, 1118-1118 (C.D.Cal. Entertainment, No.

11-56034, D.C. 2:04-cv-08400-ODW-RZ (9 Cir. January 10, 2013), pages 3-4.

•, p. 237-238. • McNary, Dave (April 4, 2006).. Retrieved 2013-08-02. • Kerschel, Karl.. Archived from on December 22, 2010. Retrieved September 15, 2010. • Rogers, Vaneta (September 27, 2007)..

Archived from on October 17, 2007.; •, pp. 1154. •, pp. 1156-1157.

•, p. 239-241. •, pp. 1152-1153.

•, pp. 1155-1156. Entertainment, Inc. (Siegel II), 658 F. 2d 1036 (C.D. •, pp. 38-39. Retrieved 2010-09-15. •, pp. 1158-1160.

• DC Comics v. Pacific Pictures Corp., No. 11-56934, D.C. 2:10-cv-03633-ODW-RZ (9 Cir. January 10, 2013). • Gardner, Eriq (January 10, 2013)..

The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved 2013-08-02. • ^ Gardner, Eriq (February 10, 2016).. The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved April 15, 2016. • ^ Laura Siegel Larson v.

Entertainment and DC Comics, No. 13-56243, D.C. 2:04-cv-08400-ODW-RZ (9 Cir. February 10, 2016). • ^, pp. 1161.

• Sangiacomo, Michael (October 6, 2014).. Cleveland Plain Dealer. Retrieved January 12, 2015. • Smallville Season Special #4 (March 2014) •. Archived from on November 28, 2007.

Retrieved 2010-09-15. • Consoli, John (April 24, 2006).. Archived from on May 15, 2006.; • October 12, 2007, at the. At October 12, 2007, at the. Bibliography [ ] • Daniels, Les (1998).

Superman: The Complete History: The Life and Times of the Man of Steel. San Francisco: Chronicle Books.. • Kratzer, Dallas F. (Spring 2013). 'Student Work: Up, Up and Away: How Siegel and Shuster's Superman Was Contracted Away and DC Comcis Won the Day'. West Virginia Law Review.

115 (2): 1143–1184. • Kruger, Jesse J. (Summer 2012). 'Copyright and Kryptonite: The Failings of Intellectual Property Law Through the Eyes of Superman'. Duquesne Business Law Journal.

14 (3): 229–249. • Rosen, Richard (2010).. Gaithersburg, Md.: Aspen Law & Business.. External links [ ] • • at from the original on June 4, 2017.

• Supermanica entry on the pre- Crisis Superboy.

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