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Map of Mu by Lost Continent of Mu Motherland of Men location Created by Genre Type Hypothetical Mu is the name of a suggested whose concept and name were proposed by 19th-century traveler and writer, who claimed that several ancient civilizations, such as those of and, were created by refugees from Mu—which he located in the. This concept was popularized and expanded by, who asserted that Mu was once located in the.
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The existence of Mu was already being disputed in Le Plongeon's time. Currently scientists dismiss the concept of Mu (and other alleged lost continents such as ) as physically impossible, arguing that a continent can neither sink nor be destroyed in the short period of time required by this premise. Mu's existence is considered to have no factual basis. Churchward's map showing how he thought Mu refugees spread out after the cataclysm through South America, along the shores of Atlantis, and into Africa Mu, as a lost Pacific Ocean continent, was later popularised by (1851–1936) in a series of books, beginning with Lost Continent of Mu, the Motherland of Man (1926), re-edited later as The Lost Continent Mu (1931). Other popular books in the series are The Children of Mu (1931), and The Sacred Symbols of Mu (1933). Churchward claimed that 'more than fifty years ago', while he was a soldier in, he befriended a high-ranking temple priest who showed him a set of ancient 'sunburnt' clay tablets, supposedly in a long lost 'Naga-Maya language' which only two other people in India could read.
Having mastered the language himself, Churchward found out that they originated from 'the place where [man] first appeared—Mu'. Underwater structures claimed to be remnants of Mu, near, Modern claims [ ] James Bramwell and claimed that the cataclysmic events on Mu began 800,000 years ago: 194 and went on until the last catastrophe, which occurred in precisely 9564 BC.: 195 In the 1930s,, founder of the, was interested in Churchward's work and considered Mu as a possible location of the of the.
Has suggested that certain underwater features located off the coast of, (popularly known as the ) are ruins of Mu (or 'ruins of the lost world of Muin' according to ). Criticisms [ ] Geological arguments [ ] Modern knowledge rules out 'lost continents' of any significant size. According to the theory of, which has been extensively confirmed over the past 40 years, the consists of lighter ' rocks ( rich in ) that float on heavier ' rocks ( richer in silicates). The sial is generally absent in the ocean floor where the is a few kilometers thick, while the continents are huge solid blocks tens of kilometers thick.
Since continents float on the sima much like float on water, a continent cannot simply 'sink' under the ocean. It is true that and can change the shape and position of continents and occasionally break a continent into two or more pieces (as happened to ). However, these are very slow processes that occur in (hundreds of millions of years). Over the scale of history (tens of thousands of years), the sima under the continental crust can be considered solid, and the continents are basically anchored on it. It is almost certain that the continents and ocean floors have retained their present position and shape for the whole span of human existence.
There is also no conceivable event that could have 'destroyed' a continent, since its huge mass of sial rocks would have to end up somewhere—and there is no trace of it at the bottom of the oceans. The are not part of a submerged landmass but rather the tips of isolated.
Map of Easter Island showing locations of the ahu and moai This is the case, in particular, of, which is a recent volcanic peak surrounded by deep ocean (3,000 m deep at 30 km off the island). After visiting the island in the 1930s, observed that the moai platforms are concentrated along the current coast of the island, which implies that the island's shape has changed little since they were built. Moreover, the 'Triumphal Road' that had reported ran from the island to the submerged lands below, is actually a natural lava flow. Furthermore, while Churchward was correct in his claim that the island has no sandstone or sedimentary rocks, the point is moot because the are all made of native volcanic.
Archaeological and genetic evidence [ ] The historical details and implications of the Mu theory, which from the start were even more controversial than the physical ones, have been thoroughly discredited by archaeological and genetic research. [ ] There is evidence that the civilizations of the and the developed independently of each other: 62 and, in fact, and urban societies probably first developed after the end of the, somewhere in the some 10,000 years ago and gradually spread outwards from there to the rest of the Old World. The development of the oldest known cities, such as, can more easily be attributed to local and gradual evolution than to the coming of refugees from a 'superior civilization'. [ ] Easter Island was first settled around 300 AD and the on the are regarded as ceremonial, or traditional headdresses. There is no evidence of a highly advanced civilization on the island.
Troano Codex [ ] Other researchers who have tried to use the have reported that it produces only gibberish. Recent research into the has shown it to not consist of but. Recent translations of the have shown it to be a treatise on astrology.
In popular culture [ ] Film/television • In the 1935 movie, the inhabitants of Murania are the lost tribe of Mu. • In the 1963 movie, Mu is an undersea kingdom. Pimsleur Spanish Booklet Pdf Download. • In the 1970 kaiju film, Jiger originates from the lost continent of Mu.
• In the 1982–1983 -, Tao is the last living descendant of the sunken empire of Mu ( in the English dub). • In the 1983 Doraemon film, and friends meet a young boy from Mu who is an undersea person. They set out into the to stop the army inside it.
• In the 1983–1984 anime, the main antagonists are robots that were built by the ancient civilization of the Mu that turned on their creators and tried to annihilate all remaining life on Earth. Throughout the series, the robots are referred to as the Mu. • In the 2001–2002 anime the inhabitants of Mu, which are referred to as Mulians, serve as the show's primary antagonists. Literature/print • (1890–1937) featured the lost continent in his revision of 's ' (). Mu appears in numerous mythos stories, including many written. • In Marvel Comics, the continents of Mu and were destroyed by the.
Their evacuation was aided by the. • The 1967 novel Operation Time Search features a modern-day protagonist cast back in time, where he participates in a war between and Mu.
• 'The Justified Ancients of Mu Mu', a fictional secret society in Eye in the Pyramid, the first book in the 1975 trilogy by Robert Anton Wilson and Robert Shea • ' novel (1980) makes extensive reference to Mu. • In the manga version of (1998–2004) the final rounds of the Shaman Tournament, as well as the Great Spirit ceremony, are held on the island (which is submerged and hidden by Patch Tribe rituals). • The continent figures into the 2009 novel. Vagrant Web Social Button Download Free there. Music •, of, used the feather symbol of Mu on the sleeve of some of his albums, including Swan Song, and others. • The rock band MU (1971–1974), created by American rock guitar musicians and Merrell Wayne Fankhauser, took its name from the book The Lost Continent Mu (1931). •, an early name of the British pop music group KLF active between 1987 and 1992.
Video games • The (later ) video game released in Japanese markets as (1991) and in the United States as (1993) features a town known as Muu and situated on land flooded between the game's Past and (second) Present time phases. • One of the levels in the 1993 videogame is set on the island of Mu. • In from 1993, Mu is one of the ancient ruin sites visited by player character Will, modeled in part on Easter Island. Like the real-world island, the Muian civilization fell due to a collapse of all natural resources, though some escaped via an underwater tunnel to found the Village of Angels while those left behind were mutated into the monsters on Mu by the Chaos Comet. When Will arrives there, Mu is a cursed land controlled by vampires. • The 1996 RPG features an alien race known as the Muah who originated from the lost continent on Earth.
• is a 2003 3D fantasy MMORPG developed in Korea and popular there, 'based on the legendary Continent of MU'. • In the 2004 video game, Mu was a patron land of one of the ancient pantheons who opposed the Orenbegans, a civilization of magic users under the protection of a rival goddess.
These civilisations destroyed each other in war, but descendants of the Mu were found and forced into service to the modern criminal organisation, Arachnos. • from 2007 features a whole story of Mu, the lost FM technology that past civilizations built was found here. • 's character Father Theodore Wallace is leader of the Mu Center in the fictional town of Krimson. He can be found in a simulated idyllic town called Union which he tries to overtake as cult leader by worship of the flame. See also [ ] • • • • • • • References [ ]. • ^ Le Plongeon, Augustus (1896).. Pp. 277 pages.
• ^ Churchward, James (1926). Lost Continent of Mu, the Motherland of Man. United States: Kessinger Publishing.. • Haugton, Brian (2007).. New Page Books.. • ^ De Camp, Lyon Sprague (1971) [1954]..
Dover Publications.. • Brennan, Louis A.
No Stone Unturned: An Almanac of North American Pre-history. Random House. • Witzel, Michael (2006). Fagan Routledge, ed.. London: Routledge..
• John Sladek, The New Apocrypha (New York: Stein and day, 1974) 65–66. • ^ Churchward, James (1931). The Lost Continent of Mu. New York: Ives Washburn.
Re-published by Adventures Unlimited Press (2007) • ^ Bramwell, James (1939). Lost Atlantis. • Kayıp Kıta Mu, presentation, Ege-Meta Yayınları, İzmir, 2000, • Kimura, Masaaki (1991). Mu tairiku wa Ryukyu ni atta (The Continent of Mu was in Ryukyu) (in Japanese).
Tokyo: Tokuma Shoten. • Schoch, Robert M..
• Metraux, Alfred. Archived from (PDF) on 2008-04-06. • Abramyan, Evgeny (2009).
Russia: How to Save the Future? • ^ Danver, Steven L.. Santa Barbara, Calif.: ABC-CLIO..;: 222 • (PDF). The Ryukyuanist (57).
Retrieved 1 January 2012. • Citadels of Mystery, L Sprague deCamp and C decamp, Fontana Books 1969, page 10 • Lovecraft, Howard P. And Hazel Heald. 'Out of the Aeons' (1935) in The Horror in the Museum and Other Revisions, S.T.
Joshi (ed.), 1989. Sauk City, WI: Arkham House Publishers, Inc.. • Harms, Daniel. 'Mu' in The Encyclopedia Cthulhiana (2nd ed.), pp. 200–202. Chaosium, Inc., 1998.. Retrieved 1 September 2014. External links [ ] •.
This article includes a, related reading or, but its sources remain unclear because it lacks. Please help to this article by more precise citations. (June 2011) () Pagan Publishing is a publishing company founded by in 1990. It began by publishing a role-playing game,. In 1994, the company moved from to, where it incorporated.
The staff at this time included John Tynes as editor-in-chief, as business manager, as art director, and and as editors. Tynes, Detwiller and released the modern Call of Cthulhu campaign setting in 1996. Pagan has released many other Call of Cthulhu products, including a foray into card games with and miniature games with. Pagan is currently based in Seattle, Washington and comprises as business manager and and as editors. It continues to occasionally produce Call of Cthulhu books as well as non-gaming fiction and non-fiction under the Armitage House imprint.